20210222 第八次許煜讀讀書會

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hector
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註冊時間: 週二 9月 29, 2020 8:55 pm

20210222 第八次許煜讀讀書會

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Reading On the Existence of Digital Objects, Introduction.
Topics of the discussion:

 1. General impression:
        a. goal of the book: to propose a theory of the digital object
        b. But the introduction doesn't really allow us to grasp exactly what this is about
    2. Theory of the digital object: reconsidering the notion of object
        ○ Phenomenology from Hume to Husserl: natural object
            § Basically: objects are correlates of consciousness, objects of experience and of knowing.
        ○ Technical object
            § The object belongs to a milieu of relations
            § In Zuhandenheit, it expresses time: existential relations.
            § In Vorhandenheit, it expresses properties: discursive relations.
        ○ Digital object:Definition:
            "By digital objects, I mean objects that take shape on a screen or hide in the back end of a computer program, composed of data and metadata regulated by structures or schemas. Metadata literally means data about data. Schemas are structures that give semantic and functional meaning to the metadata; in computation, they are also called ontologies— a word that has immediate associations with philosophy." (1)
            § A new type of industrial object
            § However, it is not obvious to me what is the difference with the technical object.
                □ Individualization 個化: Simondon on technical objects
                Individualization: it concerns functions; in living beings, division between the psychic and the soma, in technical objects, concretization of functionalities. It demands a hierarchy that puts different elements into a functioning order.
                □ Individuation 個體化: Simondon on natural beings
                Individuation: genesis and resolution of tensions to arrive at a metastable equilibrium. It produces hierarchical relativity. Example of crystallization.
                □ I only read the first chapter, from GML to XHTML to web ontologies. But it sounds more like individualization, concretization
        Concretization 具體化 demands reflection on the singular historical condition 特殊歷史條件 of the artificial (1)
        The concretization of digital objects has brought a technical system consisting of materialized relations, in which everything has the possibility to connect to other things
            § It is material, but not substantial: relation to cosmotechnics?
            § From GML to XHTML and Web ontologies
    3. 3-4 digital objects emerge as a consequence of historical and technological development, and therefore inherit certain metaphysical presuppositions 形而上學假設
            § How to understand this relation between the historical development of digital or technical objects and metaphysics?
    3 reciprocal relation between computation 計算 and philosophy
        ○ 31 Philosophy remains technical in its project: philosophical concepts are inventions that try to overcome the incompatibilities or even indifferences between two orders
            ○ (to some extent: this is 感應, correspondence, resonance?)
    4. About the political agenda of individuation (33)
        ○ Difference between individualization and individuation
            ○ Individualization of digital object: html, etc. Concretization, automatism.
        ○ 35 it has to do with alienation> in Simondon: misunderstanding of technologies, leading to the rupture between ground and forms
            ○ 37 today's alienation: synchronization, destroying of the unity of time (or care Sorge)
            ○ 38 tertiary protention made possible by algorithms
So if the alienation is the result of individualization (=automatism), what exactly is individuation and how it challenges alienation?
 
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